Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C). Grease and flour a 9-inch round cake pan.

In a mixing bowl, combine flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.

Add the softened butter, eggs, vanilla extract, and buttermilk to the dry ingredients. Mix until well combined.

Gently fold in the diced peaches until evenly distributed.

Pour the batter into the prepared cake pan and smooth the top.

Bake for 30 minutes or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.

Allow the cake to cool in the pan for 10 minutes before transferring to a wire rack to cool completely.